Nature Geoscience, 3 November 2025
In a stunning two-month period from November to December 2022, nearly 50% of Hektoria Glacier in the Antarctic Peninsula disintegrated, and nearly 10 times faster than any glacier ever observed, a warning sign this could happen to other large Antarctic glaciers. Satellite data showed that the glacier began rapidly thinning and flowing into the ocean, retreating 25 kilometers during 2022 and part of 2023, including 8 kilometers of ice lost in only two months. This extended period of rapid loss was triggered by sea ice break-up, rapid glacier thinning, and the shape of the bedrock, with large portions of ice rapidly breaking away as warm ocean water induced faster fracturing. Although the Hektoria Glacier is small, with little direct impact on global sea levels, the processes that made this possible could happen to other large marine-terminating glaciers in Antarctica, with devastating consequences for rapid global sea-level rise.
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