南极洲东部融水池数量增加可能导致冰架不稳定

自然—气候变化,2025年7月4日

这项具有里程碑意义的研究首次提供了高分辨率、全大陆范围的南极洲地表融水地图,发现南极洲东部有多个热点地区,在过去二十年中发生了快速积水和融化。这些融水池塘较多的热点位于南极洲东部冰原的整个边缘,在德龙宁毛德地和威尔克斯地的冰架上最为明显。当融水无法排出或被下面的冰雪吸收时,就会形成地表池塘,从而增加冰架断裂和(最终)坍塌的风险。这项研究表明,几十年来在格陵兰岛观察到的导致融水池塘和水力断裂增加的广泛过程似乎也发生在南极洲东部地区。还有一些迹象表明,这些融水池塘正在对冰架上敏感的积雪产生更大的影响。南极洲东部水塘的增加可能会削弱冰架的完整性和周围地区,如果融水扩展到更脆弱的地区,可能会增加全球海平面上升的预测。在南极洲东部巨大的沙克尔顿冰架上已经观察到了这种情况,该冰架面积近 34,000 平方公里。.

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帕姆·皮尔森

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