海冰:南极冰架脆弱的最后一道防线

自然-地球科学,2025年7月1日

研究人员对南极洲两个地区的海冰、海浪和冰架状况进行了多年跟踪,确定了大规模南极冰架崩裂事件的关键触发因素和常见模式。漂浮的海冰泥浆可以保护冰架边缘不受海浪的冲击,海浪的冲击力足以使冰架弯曲,并将冰架的大部分冲入海洋。这项研究记录了在三次重大冰架崩塌事件之前,海冰减少的时间是如何延长的(6-18 个月)。在冰架崩塌前的最后几周,每个冰架都失去了附着在其外缘的残余海冰带,这是即将发生重大冰损的一个警告信号。南极海冰是冰架稳定的关键因素。如果这道保护性海冰屏障长期消失,那么海浪冲击裸露冰架的力量似乎比地表或海洋温度升高导致冰架变薄的潜在极端速度更为重要。.

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