自然·通讯,2026年3月13日
北极海冰上的粗糙冰脊为微生物群落提供了栖息地,这些栖息地维持着极其多样的微生物群落,而随着温度升高,它们的风险也在增加。这些冰脊在冬季储存冻结的有机物质,在夏季则转变为藻类生产力的热点,其藻类含量可达附近平坦冰面或地表水的八倍。包括融水侵入和夏末内部结冰在内的环境变化,将冰脊中的微生物群落从以自养为主转变为以异养为主,从根本上改变了它们产生和利用能量的方式。这种转变将冰脊生态系统从碳生产者转变为碳消费者;实际上,这会减少初级生产,改变营养循环,并影响高等生物的食物可获得性。这项研究表明,未来几十年,北极海冰的减少将显著改变北冰洋的生态功能和微生物多样性。.
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