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2022 State of the Cryosphere Report
Watch COP27 Cryosphere Pavilion content on our YouTube channel
Learn more about the high level ambition on melting ice group formed at COP27
Watch cyrosphere pavilion content online now
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What is the Cryosphere?

The cryosphere is a term for the regions of our globe which are covered in ice and snow – either seasonally or year-round. Climate change is happening in the cryosphere faster and more dramatically than anywhere else on earth.

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Learn more about the high level ambition on melting ice group formed at COP27

The Cryosphere

Climate change is happening faster and in a dramatically more visible way in the Earth’s cryosphere: the snow and ice-dominated regions around both the North and South Poles, and in high mountains.  Whether high latitude or high altitude, temperatures in these places already have warmed by at least twice the global average.  As a result, the ecosystems and communities in these fragile and beautiful places are disintegrating, in some cases right beneath our feet, as ice and ground (permafrost) melt away.

But the greatest threat of this rapidly-warming cryosphere lies no longer in these regions themselves.  Instead, the most catastrophic and wide-ranging impact of our disintegrating cryosphere is on the entire Earth: sea-level rise from melting glaciers and ice sheets; loss of snowpack for water needs; polar seas and fisheries whose cold waters acidify faster, with damage to polar shell-building animals already today; carbon releases from permafrost the size of a top-20 greenhouse gas emitter, plus shrinking sea ice in the Arctic at all times of year: both impacts that are warming the planet faster and further.

Most of these impacts from a disintegrating cryosphere cannot be rolled back, even should we manage to pull temperatures down again.  Our only workable option is never to let temperatures get that high at all.  Protection of the cryosphere is not only about protecting the peoples and species that live there.  It is about protecting all of us.

Learn About The Cryosphere

Our Work

We believe that much can be accomplished if many partners work together, and ICCI worries less about credit than accomplishing needed solutions at all levels. ICCI therefore strives to work innovatively, yet without fanfare and in a sustained manner, to create new partnerships and approaches together with cryosphere scientists, governments, non-governmental organizations and the private sector – yet always with the clock ticking for the cryosphere’s survival; and therefore, that of the planet, at least as it has existed for the past 3 million years.

The cryosphere also creates the possibility of complementary climate solutions that benefit those living nearby, especially Arctic Indigenous and mountain peoples. For example, black carbon (soot) – whether from a small cooking or heating stove, or a massive wildfire — lands on ice and snow and causes it to melt more quickly; so reductions can help slow snow and ice loss, while also aiding adaptation in a rapidly changing climate and improving human health. Reductions of methane from human activity might also help counter emissions of this powerful greenhouse gas coming from thawed permafrost.

ICCI seeks to find such new and integrated solutions to benefit local mountain and Arctic communities. In particular, we have worked since 2010 to reduce black carbon emissions from agricultural sector burning, and from heating and cooking stoves. We must be clear however: the main focus of emissions reductions lies in reducing use of fossil fuels, aiming at the IPCC recommendation of around a 50% decrease by 2030; reaching carbon neutrality by 2050; and negative emissions thereafter, to remain with the 1.5°C “guardrail” of the Paris Agreement. Every fragment of temperature rise counts, and will reduce global loss and damage for many future generations – and emissions experts are clear that a 1.5°C future remains within reach, if only we choose to act in time.

ICCI's Approach

Support ICCI

ICCI elevates the voices of scientists and local communities from Arctic and mountain regions to reach governments, nonprofits, and international forums. With your support, we can translate the cryosphere’s message of urgent climate action into clear and actionable steps for policy makers. You can help save Earth’s frozen regions by supporting our work through the GiveOne Foundation; all private donations go directly to ICCI. Thank you!

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Cryosphere Capsules

ICCI publishes a weekly newsletter for policy makers summarizing the latest scientific findings in cryosphere and climate research. Read our most recent issues on the Cryosphere Capsules page, and subscribe below to receive them in your inbox every Friday.

Cryosphere Capsules

East Antarctica Hits 28°C Above Normal During Current Heatwave

News Briefing, 2 August 2024 East Antarctica is currently experiencing a heatwave in the middle of winter of up to 28°C above normal. This is...
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Cryosphere Capsules

Video of the Week: “Unraveling the March 2022 Extreme Heat Event in East Antarctica”

In this presentation given during an "Arctic 21" science-policy briefing earlier this year, Dr. Jonathan Wille decodes the record-busting March 2022 East Antarctica heat wave,...
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Cryosphere Capsules

Cooling Effect of Both Arctic and Antarctic Sea Ice Declining Along with Ice Extent

Geophysical Research Letters, 17 July 2024 Arctic sea ice has been called the "Earth's refrigerator," cooling the planet by reflecting the sun's rays. Its area...
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Cryosphere Capsules

Growing Andean Glacier Loss Increases Likelihood of Future Water Scarcity

The Cryosphere, 22 May 2024 Glacier volume has decreased by 8% across the Andes since 2010, with snow and ice melt producing up to 40%...
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Cryosphere Capsules

Video of the Week: “From Alaska to the Andes: Increasing Glacier Loss Across the Americas”

Dr. Bethan Davies is a Senior Lecturer in Physical Geography at Newcastle University in the UK, and on July 11 detailed the results of two...
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Cryosphere Capsules

Continued Glacier Ice Loss from Alaska’s Juneau Ice Field Now Largely Locked In

Nature Communications, 2 July 2024 The massive Juneau Icefield in Alaska contains more than one thousand glaciers and has rapidly melted over the past decade,...
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Cryosphere Capsules

Increasing Glacier Loss Across the Andes Since the Little Ice Age

Geophysical Research Letters, 30 June 2024 Tropical glaciers in the Andes are now losing ice up to 10 times faster than their long-term average, according...
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Cryosphere Capsules

COP28 Video of the Week: “Global Glacier Loss Projections” with David Rounce

From the high latitudes to mountain regions, the world's glaciers are responding faster than expected to fossil fuel emissions. This event shared the latest glacier...
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Cryosphere Capsules

“Every Tenth of a Degree” Pushes Antarctica Closer to Potential New Threshold

Nature Geoscience, 25 June 2024 Modelers have long theorized about processes that might account for the unusually rapid sea-level rise from ice sheets in Earth's...
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