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2022 State of the Cryosphere Report
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Learn more about the high level ambition on melting ice group formed at COP27
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What is the Cryosphere?

The cryosphere is a term for the regions of our globe which are covered in ice and snow – either seasonally or year-round. Climate change is happening in the cryosphere faster and more dramatically than anywhere else on earth.

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Learn more about the high level ambition on melting ice group formed at COP27

The Cryosphere

Climate change is happening faster and in a dramatically more visible way in the Earth’s cryosphere: the snow and ice-dominated regions around both the North and South Poles, and in high mountains.  Whether high latitude or high altitude, temperatures in these places already have warmed by at least twice the global average.  As a result, the ecosystems and communities in these fragile and beautiful places are disintegrating, in some cases right beneath our feet, as ice and ground (permafrost) melt away.

But the greatest threat of this rapidly-warming cryosphere lies no longer in these regions themselves.  Instead, the most catastrophic and wide-ranging impact of our disintegrating cryosphere is on the entire Earth: sea-level rise from melting glaciers and ice sheets; loss of snowpack for water needs; polar seas and fisheries whose cold waters acidify faster, with damage to polar shell-building animals already today; carbon releases from permafrost the size of a top-20 greenhouse gas emitter, plus shrinking sea ice in the Arctic at all times of year: both impacts that are warming the planet faster and further.

Most of these impacts from a disintegrating cryosphere cannot be rolled back, even should we manage to pull temperatures down again.  Our only workable option is never to let temperatures get that high at all.  Protection of the cryosphere is not only about protecting the peoples and species that live there.  It is about protecting all of us.

Learn About The Cryosphere

Our Work

We believe that much can be accomplished if many partners work together, and ICCI worries less about credit than accomplishing needed solutions at all levels. ICCI therefore strives to work innovatively, yet without fanfare and in a sustained manner, to create new partnerships and approaches together with cryosphere scientists, governments, non-governmental organizations and the private sector – yet always with the clock ticking for the cryosphere’s survival; and therefore, that of the planet, at least as it has existed for the past 3 million years.

The cryosphere also creates the possibility of complementary climate solutions that benefit those living nearby, especially Arctic Indigenous and mountain peoples. For example, black carbon (soot) – whether from a small cooking or heating stove, or a massive wildfire — lands on ice and snow and causes it to melt more quickly; so reductions can help slow snow and ice loss, while also aiding adaptation in a rapidly changing climate and improving human health. Reductions of methane from human activity might also help counter emissions of this powerful greenhouse gas coming from thawed permafrost.

ICCI seeks to find such new and integrated solutions to benefit local mountain and Arctic communities. In particular, we have worked since 2010 to reduce black carbon emissions from agricultural sector burning, and from heating and cooking stoves. We must be clear however: the main focus of emissions reductions lies in reducing use of fossil fuels, aiming at the IPCC recommendation of around a 50% decrease by 2030; reaching carbon neutrality by 2050; and negative emissions thereafter, to remain with the 1.5°C “guardrail” of the Paris Agreement. Every fragment of temperature rise counts, and will reduce global loss and damage for many future generations – and emissions experts are clear that a 1.5°C future remains within reach, if only we choose to act in time.

ICCI's Approach

Support ICCI

ICCI elevates the voices of scientists and local communities from Arctic and mountain regions to reach governments, nonprofits, and international forums. With your support, we can translate the cryosphere’s message of urgent climate action into clear and actionable steps for policy makers. You can help save Earth’s frozen regions by supporting our work through the GiveOne Foundation; all private donations go directly to ICCI. Thank you!

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Cryosphere Capsules

ICCI publishes a weekly newsletter for policy makers summarizing the latest scientific findings in cryosphere and climate research. Read our most recent issues on the Cryosphere Capsules page, and subscribe below to receive them in your inbox every Friday.

Cryosphere Capsules

COP27 Video of the Week: “Slow Onset, Irreversible Events Beyond Adaptation: Global Stocktake, Implementation and 1.5° Ambition” with Florence Colleoni

Global impacts, especially loss and damage, from cryosphere feedbacks will be largely permanent on human timescales, beyond adaptation limits for billions living in coastal or...
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Cryosphere Capsules

Ice Cliff Collapse May Not Occur so Rapidly in the Near-Term, but Risks of Major Sea-Level Rise Remain

Science Advances, 21 August 2024 The collapse of ice shelves around Antarctica could expose tall ice cliffs at the edge of the ice sheet. Some...
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Cryosphere Capsules

Less Snow and More Above-freezing Temperatures Speeding Arctic Glacier Melt

The Cryosphere, 15 August 2024 The Arctic contains one-fourth of the world's glaciers, and this study detailed how rising temperatures are causing them to melt...
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Cryosphere Capsules

Rapid Emissions Reductions May Kickstart Stabilizing Feedback for Antarctica

Science Advances, August 4, 2024 A state-of-the-art ice sheet model predicting future sea-level rise shows that humanity may be able to kickstart strong stabilizing feedbacks...
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Cryosphere Capsules

Central Greenland Ice-free with Temperatures Similar to Today’s

PNAS, August 5, 2024 The center of Greenland – currently buried under a 3-kilometer-thick sheet of ice – supported plant life indicating that it was...
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Cryosphere Capsules

Video of the Week: “Potential Cause of Faster and Higher Sea Level Rise from Antarctica”

Dr. Alexander Bradley is an ice-ocean modeler at the British Antarctic Survey, and visiting research fellow at Kings College London. His research focuses on understanding...
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Cryosphere Capsules

Call for COP29 Side Events and Early Career Scientist Volunteers

Dear Friends of the Cryosphere Pavilion and Cryosphere Capsule Readers! The COP29 Cryosphere Pavilion side event application process for COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan (Nov. 11-22)...
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Cryosphere Capsules

Every Increment of Warming Above 1.5°C Increases the Risk of Crossing Tipping Points – Even if Overshoot is Temporary

Nature Communications, 1 August 2024 Current climate policies are not ambitious enough to prevent tipping points from being crossed, even if long-term temperatures return to...
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Cryosphere Capsules

Recent Retreat of Tropical Andean Glaciers Unprecedented in 11,700 Years

Science, 1 August 2024 The current rate of glacier ice loss in the tropical Andes is unprecedented in at least the last 11,700 years, according...
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